An-other thing I noticed when I listened to the stack-o-vocals Pet Sounds tracks recently is the articulation of some words in "Caroline, No." "Go" in the line "Where did your long hair go" and "away" in the line "Who took that look away" are both sung with melismas (A G F and D A G F respectively). This gives a musical sense of movement or distance.
When I transcribed some of the lyrics to-day in order to write this post, I noticed something else. The first verse has a rhyme scheme of AAAA:
Where did your long hair goBut the other verses don't follow this. In the other two verses, the first two lines rhyme, but the third breaks the pattern, and the content of the that third line is significant with regard to this structural change. In the second verse, the rhyme scheme is broken with "You'd never change, but that's not true," and in the third with "Could we ever bring 'em back once they have gone." The rhyme scheme has changed from the first verse and it's not brought back.
Where is the girl I used to know
How could you lose that happy glow
Oh, Caroline, no